在美国对俄政策上,印度不希望看到拜登政府调整战略部署,因围堵俄罗斯而分散遏华战略资源。 特朗普政府时期大大降低与俄战略对抗强度,而这种做法有利于印推行“积极发展印美关系,同时维护印俄传统战略伙伴关系”的战略布局。[28]如果美俄对抗强度提高,很可能会导致美进一步施压印“选边站”,使印在进口俄武器时会极大地受到来自美国的压力。 对华政策上,印度观察家认为拜登政府或许会出现三方面的变化。 首先,拜登对中印边界的表态将更为谨慎。[29]拜登不会像特朗普在中印争端中大肆公开抨击中国,为印抵抗中方“侵蚀领土”发声; 其次,印方不认为拜登政府会言辞激烈地、无所顾忌地公开抨击中国,而是联合其盟友稳步推进既定的遏华政策;[30] 最后,在边界冲突上,拜登可能采取“双管齐下”的做法:一方面将会与印进行深度战略协作,为印提供军事装备支持;另一方面拜登或希望发挥美国领导作用,在公开的外交场合呼吁中印两国通过协商对话解决分歧。 此外,印舆论期待与美通过两国合作降低中国在全球供应链的中心地位以及抢占新兴科技“高地”。 一方面,印媒体认为,拜登政府将有较强意愿拉拢印及其它盟友共同打造替代性的(alternative)、可靠的(reliable)和安全(secure)的供应链,降低对中国的依赖,符合两国利益,有利于为实现逐步对华“脱钩”奠定基础。[31] 另一方面,印美将在以下领域加强合作,包括人工智能、大数据、5G、量子计算机等,两国将共同合力抢占高新技术制高点,联合制定新兴行业标准和规则,尽可能抢在中国之前制定新兴科技领域的国际规则规范。[32] 当下美国大选已尘埃落定,尽管特朗普还在做“最后的挣扎”,但印度显然已态度鲜明地表态“拥抱”拜登,甚至对特朗普质疑选举结果的行为嗤之以鼻。 印舆论对美选举结果押错宝后积极“纠错”,展现出“人未走,茶先凉”的凄凉,本质上是有意为与拜登政府建立良好关系而主动“铺路”。尽管拜登当选的结果对印喜忧参半,但印度不得不面对新政府外交转向的未知,试图“主动出击”以争取有利于其国家利益的发展态势。 因此,印观察人士对特朗普不服选举结果做法看似义愤填膺,实则为审时度势后理性选择的结果。 参考文献: [1] Wion。 “Here’s Why Indians Love US President Donald Trump”, Feb。 25, 2020, https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/heres-why-indians-love-us-president-donald-trump-282632 [2] Sriram Lakshman。 “PM Modi Speaks with U.S。 President-elect Joe Biden, Affirms Importance of Ties,” The Hindu, Nov。 18, 2020。 https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pm-modi-speaks-with-biden-affirms-importance-of-ties/article33120762.ece?homepage=true。 [3] Amitabh Mattoo。 “Amitabh Mattoo’s talks in the Seminar Biden Presidency: Implications for India and the World Organized by The Indian Futures”, Nov。 13, 2020。 https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=the+indian+futures+manish+dabhade [4] Emma Beswick。 “Putin ‘Waiting for Official Results’ to Congratulate Winner of US Election’”, Euronews, Nov。 9, 2020。 https://www.euronews.com/2020/11/09/putin-waiting-for-official-results-to-congratulate-winner-of-us-election [5] Nirpurama Menon Rao。 “Nirpurama Menon Rao’s Talk in the Seminar ‘Biden Presidency: Implications for India and the World’”, Youtube, Nov。 13, 2020。 https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=the+indian+futures+manish+dabhade。 [6] Swaran Singh。 “Swaran Singh’s Talk in the Seminar ‘Biden Presidency: Implications for India and the World’”, Youtube, Nov。 13, 2020。 https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=the+indian+futures+manish+dabhade。 [7] Kunal Purohit。 “Will Modi-Trump Bromance Come back to Bite India under Biden’s Presidency?” South China Morning Post, Nov。 11, 2020。 https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3109282/will-modi-trump-bromance-come-back-bite-india-under-bidens [8] Barry Ellsworth。 “Indicators signal Trump triumph among Indian Americans”,Oct。 7, 2020。 https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/indicators-signal-trump-triumph-among-indian-americans/1998935 [9] Saeed Naqvi。 “Will Narendra Modi’s Gamble pay off? Could he be Hosting a Winner?”, National Herald, Feb 24, 2020。 https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/opinion/will-narendra-modis-gamble-pay-off-could-he-be-hosting-a-winner。 [10] Shampa Sen。 “How does Joe Biden‘s win affect the Indo-US relationship?”, DNA, Nov。 8, 2020。 https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-us-election-2020-democrat-joe-biden-us-president-india-relationship-2855180 [11] 同上。 [12] The Economic Times, “S。 Jaishankar confident of Strengthening Ties between India and the US under Joe Biden”, Nov。 18, 2020, https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/s-jaishankar-confident-of-strengthening-ties-between-india-and-the-us-under-joe-biden/major-defence-partner/slideshow/79278511.cms?from=mdr [13] Michael Kugelman, “Don’t Overestimate the US Election Impact on South Asia”, Outlook, Nov。 5, 2020。 https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/opinion-dont-overestimate-theus-election-impact-on-south-asia/363636 [14] “Biden Administration to Place High Priority on Strengthening India-US Ties: Campaign”, The Tribune, Nov 08, 2020。 https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/biden-administration-to-place-high-priority-on-strengthening-india-us-ties-campaign-167841 [15] The Hindu Net Desk, “U.S。 Elections Results Reactions: Modi-Biden will Take Indo-U.S。 Relationship to next Level, Says BJP”, The Hindu, Nov。 7, 2020, https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/us-presidential-elections-2020-results-reactions-live/article33049513.ece [16] Nirpurama Menon Rao, “Nirpurama Menon Rao’s Talk in the Seminar “Biden Presidency: Implications for India and the World”, Nov。 13, 2020。 https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=the+indian+futures+manish+dabhade [17] Udit Misra。 “How a Joe Biden Presidency May Impact India’s Economy”, The Indian Express, Nov。 18, 2020。 https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/how-a-biden-presidency-may-affect-indias-economy-explainspeaking-7019832/ [18] 同上。 [19] Shampa Sen。 “How does Joe Biden‘s win affect the Indo-US relationship?”, DNA, Nov。 8, 2020。 https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-us-election-2020-democrat-joe-biden-us-president-india-relationship-2855180 [20] Anna Purna Kambhampary and Billy Perrigo。 “How a Joe Biden Presidency Could Change U.S。-India Relations”, Time, Nov。 7, 2020。 https://time.com/5908261/joe-biden-kamala-harris-india/ [21] 同上。 [22] 同上。 [23] Aditya Sharma。 “US election: What does Joe Biden’s Victory Mean for South Asia?”, DW, Nov。 17, 2020, https://www.dw.com/en/us-election-what-does-joe-bidens-victory-mean-for-south-asia/a-55626626 [24] Shampa Sen。 “How does Joe Biden‘s Win Affect the Indo-US Relationship?”, DNA, Nov。 8, 2020。 ttps://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-us-election-2020-democrat-joe-biden-us-president-india-relationship-2855180 [25] Aditya Sharma。 “US election: What does Joe Biden‘s victory mean for South Asia?”, Nov。 17, 2020, DW, https://www.dw.com/en/us-election-what-does-joe-bidens-victory-mean-for-south-asia/a-55626626 [26] Udit Misra, “How a Joe Biden Presidency May Impact India’s Economy”, The Indian Express, Nov。 18, 2020。 https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/how-a-biden-presidency-may-affect-indias-economy-explainspeaking-7019832/ [27] Sruthi V。 S。, “The Iran-China Deal: Implications for India”, South Asian Voices, https://southasianvoices.org/indias-stake-in-the-iran-china-deal/。 [28] “The great Indian Balancing Act between US and Russia”, The Economic Times, Jul。 27, 2020。 https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/the-great-indian-balancing-act-between-us-and-russia/the-new-friend/slideshow/77194073.cms
[29] Shampa Sen, “How does Joe Biden’s Win Affect the Indo-US Relationship?”, DNA, Nov。 8, 2020。 https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-us-election-2020-democrat-joe-biden-us-president-india-relationship-2855180 [30] Nirpurama Menon Rao, “Nirpurama Menon Rao’s Talk in the Seminar “Biden Presidency: Implications for India and the World”, Nov。 13, 2020。 https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=the+indian+futures+manish+dabhade [31] Elizabeth Roche, “US under Biden will Turn to India for a more Reliable Supply Chain”, Mint, Nov。 9, 2020。 https://www.livemint.com/news/india/us-policy-on-pak-may-be-a-challenge-for-india-under-president-biden-arun-k-singh-11604818966918.html [32] 同上。
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